PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Levine, Lawrence
AU  - Osler, Abraham G.
AU  - Mayer, Manfred M.
TI  - Studies on the Role of Ca<sup>++</sup> and Mg<sup>++</sup> in Complement Fixation and Immune Hemolysis
DP  - 1953 Nov 01
TA  - The Journal of Immunology
PG  - 374--379
VI  - 71
IP  - 5
4099  - http://www.jimmunol.org/content/71/5/374.short
4100  - http://www.jimmunol.org/content/71/5/374.full
SO  - J. Immunol.1953 Nov 01; 71
AB  - 1. It has been shown that Ca++ as well as Mg++ are essential for immune hemolysis. 2. Mg++ can be replaced with a fair degree of efficiency by Co++ or Ni++. The requirement for Ca++ could not be met by Co++, Mn++, Ni++, Mg++, Cd++, Sr++, Ba++, and Zn++. 3. Evidence is presented showing that immune hemolysis takes place in at least two reaction steps: Step 1, involving C′ fixation requires Ca++; Step 2 is a reaction of an unknown nature, which requires Mg++.