PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Weaver, C T
AU  - Duncan, L M
AU  - Unanue, E R
TI  - T cell induction of macrophage IL-1 during antigen presentation. Characterization of a lymphokine mediator and comparison of TH1 and TH2 subsets.
DP  - 1989 May 15
TA  - The Journal of Immunology
PG  - 3469--3476
VI  - 142
IP  - 10
4099  - http://www.jimmunol.org/content/142/10/3469.short
4100  - http://www.jimmunol.org/content/142/10/3469.full
SO  - J. Immunol.1989 May 15; 142
AB  - We described in a previous study two pathways by which Th cells induced macrophage membrane IL-1(mIL-1) during Ag presentation. One pathway was lymphokine-independent and mediated by cell-cell contact. The second was lymphokine-dependent. We have now characterized this lymphokine and show that it belongs to the TNF family of proteins. All TH1 and most TH2 clones produced the lymphokine, although TH1 levels were markedly greater. Both types of clones also induced macrophage mIL-1 by cell-cell contact (i.e., in the absence of lymphokine release). Examination of macrophages by in situ hybridization showed that both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta mRNA were coordinately induced during Ag presentation to either TH1 or TH2 clones.