Key Points
The Amperial assay was used to measure salivary SARS-CoV-2 S1 Abs.
IgG of 42 COVID-19 mRNA vaccinated individuals was longitudinally evaluated.
Twenty percent of subjects experienced a 90% drop of peak IgG levels over time.
Abstract
We used a noninvasive electrochemical quantitative assay for IgG Abs to SARS-CoV-2 S1 Ag in saliva to investigate the kinetics of Ab response in a community-based population that had received either the Pfizer or Moderna mRNA-based vaccine. Samples were received from a total of 97 individuals, including a subset of 42 individuals who collected samples twice weekly for 3 mo or longer. In all, >840 samples were collected and analyzed. In all individuals, salivary SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG Ab levels rose sharply in the 2-wk period after their second vaccination, with peak Ab levels seen at 10–20 d after vaccination. We observed that 20%, 10%, and 2.4% of individuals providing serial samples had a 90%, 95%, and 99% drop, respectively, from peak levels during the duration of monitoring, and in two patients, Abs fell to prevaccination levels (5%). The use of noninvasive quantitative salivary Ab measurement can allow widespread, cost-effective monitoring of vaccine response.
Footnotes
This work was supported by National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences Grant U18 TR003778 and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grant U54 HL119893 (to D.T.W.W.).
The online version of this article contains supplemental material.
- Received September 21, 2021.
- Accepted November 29, 2021.
- Copyright © 2022 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.
This article is distributed under The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., Reuse Terms and Conditions for Author Choice articles.
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