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COVID-19: Complement, Coagulation, and Collateral Damage

Martin W. Lo, Claudia Kemper and Trent M. Woodruff
J Immunol July 22, 2020, ji2000644; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2000644
Martin W. Lo
*School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; and
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Claudia Kemper
†National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Trent M. Woodruff
*School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; and
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Abstract

Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious respiratory infection that is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Although most people are immunocompetent to the virus, a small group fail to mount an effective antiviral response and develop chronic infections that trigger hyperinflammation. This results in major complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multiorgan failure, which all carry poor prognoses. Emerging evidence suggests that the complement system plays a key role in this inflammatory reaction. Indeed, patients with severe COVID-19 show prominent complement activation in their lung, skin, and sera, and those individuals who were treated with complement inhibitors all recovered with no adverse reactions. These and other studies hint at complement’s therapeutic potential in these sequalae, and thus, to support drug development, in this review, we provide a summary of COVID-19 and review complement’s role in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome and coagulopathy.

Footnotes

  • This work was supported by National Health and Medical Research Council Grant APP1082271 (to T.M.W.) and by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

  • Received June 1, 2020.
  • Accepted July 6, 2020.
  • Copyright © 2020 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.
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The Journal of Immunology: 208 (11)
The Journal of Immunology
Vol. 208, Issue 11
1 Jun 2022
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COVID-19: Complement, Coagulation, and Collateral Damage
Martin W. Lo, Claudia Kemper, Trent M. Woodruff
The Journal of Immunology July 22, 2020, ji2000644; DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000644

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COVID-19: Complement, Coagulation, and Collateral Damage
Martin W. Lo, Claudia Kemper, Trent M. Woodruff
The Journal of Immunology July 22, 2020, ji2000644; DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000644
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