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Promiscuous Processing of Human α/β-Protryptases by Cathepsins L, B, and C

Quang T. Le, Hae-Ki Min, Han-Zhang Xia, Yoshihiro Fukuoka, Nobuhiko Katunuma and Lawrence B. Schwartz
J Immunol May 11, 2011, 1001804; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1001804
Quang T. Le
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Hae-Ki Min
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Han-Zhang Xia
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Yoshihiro Fukuoka
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Nobuhiko Katunuma
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Lawrence B. Schwartz
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Abstract

Human α- and β-protryptase zymogens are abundantly and selectively produced by mast cells, but the mechanism(s) by which they are processed is uncertain. β-Protryptase is sequentially processed in vitro by autocatalysis at R−3 followed by cathepsin (CTS) C proteolysis to the mature enzyme. However, mast cells from CTSC-deficient mice successfully convert protryptase (pro-murine mast cell protease-6) to mature murine mast cell protease-6. α-Protryptase processing cannot occur by trypsin-like enzymes due to an R−3Q substitution. Thus, biological mechanisms for processing these zymogens are uncertain. β-Tryptase processing activity(ies) distinct from CTSC were partially purified from human HMC-1 cells and identified by mass spectroscopy to include CTSB and CTSL. Importantly, CTSB and CTSL also directly process α-protryptase (Q−3) and mutated β-protryptase (R−3Q) as well as wild-type β-protryptase to maturity, indicating no need for autocatalysis, unlike the CTSC pathway. Heparin promoted tryptase tetramer formation and protected tryptase from degradation by CTSB and CTSL. Thus, CTSL and CTSB are capable of directly processing both α- and β-protryptases from human mast cells to their mature enzymatically active products.

Footnotes

  • This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants R01-AI27517 and U19-AI77435 (to L.B.S.).

  • Received June 2, 2010.
  • Accepted April 11, 2011.
  • Copyright © 2011 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.
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The Journal of Immunology: 208 (11)
The Journal of Immunology
Vol. 208, Issue 11
1 Jun 2022
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Promiscuous Processing of Human α/β-Protryptases by Cathepsins L, B, and C
Quang T. Le, Hae-Ki Min, Han-Zhang Xia, Yoshihiro Fukuoka, Nobuhiko Katunuma, Lawrence B. Schwartz
The Journal of Immunology May 11, 2011, 1001804; DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001804

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Promiscuous Processing of Human α/β-Protryptases by Cathepsins L, B, and C
Quang T. Le, Hae-Ki Min, Han-Zhang Xia, Yoshihiro Fukuoka, Nobuhiko Katunuma, Lawrence B. Schwartz
The Journal of Immunology May 11, 2011, 1001804; DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001804
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