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Development and Immunological Function of Lymph Node Stromal Cells

Natalia Barbara Pikor, Hung-Wei Cheng, Lucas Onder and Burkhard Ludewig
J Immunol January 15, 2021, 206 (2) 257-263; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2000914
Natalia Barbara Pikor
*Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, CH-9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland; and
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Hung-Wei Cheng
*Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, CH-9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland; and
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Lucas Onder
*Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, CH-9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland; and
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Burkhard Ludewig
*Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, CH-9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland; and
†Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
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Abstract

Stromal cells have for a long time been viewed as structural cells that support distinct compartments within lymphoid tissues and little more. Instead, an active cross-talk between endothelial and fibroblastic stromal cells drives the maturation of lymphoid niches, a relationship that is recapitulated during lymph node organogenesis, steady-state conditions, and following inflammation. In this review, we go over recent advances in genetic models and high-resolution transcriptomic analyses that have propelled the finer resolution of the stromal cell infrastructure of lymph nodes, revealing that the distinct subsets are strategically positioned to deliver a catered mixture of niche factors to interacting immune cell populations. Moreover, we discuss how changes in the activation state of poised stromal cell–underpinned niches rather than on-demand differentiation of new stromal cell subsets govern the efficient interaction of Ag, APC, and cognate B and T lymphocytes during adaptive immune responses.

Footnotes

  • This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation Grants 166500 and 159188 (to B.L.) and 180011 (to N.B.P.). The funder had no role in design, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

  • Abbreviations used in this article:

    BEC
    blood endothelial cell
    BRC
    B cell–interacting reticular cell
    cLEC
    ceiling LEC
    DC
    dendritic cell
    DZ
    dark zone
    EC
    endothelial cell
    FDC
    follicular DC
    fLEC
    floor-LEC
    FRC
    fibroblastic reticular cell
    GC
    germinal center
    HEC
    high EC
    HEV
    high endothelial venule
    LEC
    lymphatic endothelial cell
    LN
    lymph node
    LNSC
    LN stromal cell
    LTi
    lymphoid tissue inducer
    LTo
    lymphoid tissue organizer
    LTβR
    lymphotoxin-β receptor
    LZ
    light zone
    MedRC
    medullary reticular cell
    PNAd
    peripheral node addressin
    scRNA-seq
    single-cell RNA–sequencing
    SCS
    subcapsular sinus
    TBRC
    T-B border reticular cell
    TRC
    T cell zone reticular cell.

  • Received August 3, 2020.
  • Accepted October 16, 2020.
  • Copyright © 2021 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.
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The Journal of Immunology: 206 (2)
The Journal of Immunology
Vol. 206, Issue 2
15 Jan 2021
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Development and Immunological Function of Lymph Node Stromal Cells
Natalia Barbara Pikor, Hung-Wei Cheng, Lucas Onder, Burkhard Ludewig
The Journal of Immunology January 15, 2021, 206 (2) 257-263; DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000914

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Development and Immunological Function of Lymph Node Stromal Cells
Natalia Barbara Pikor, Hung-Wei Cheng, Lucas Onder, Burkhard Ludewig
The Journal of Immunology January 15, 2021, 206 (2) 257-263; DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000914
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