Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
Longitudinal study of H. felis colonization in the stomachs of wt and IL-10−/− mice. Six-week-old IL-10−/− and wt mice were colonized with 1 × 108 H. felis on days 1, 3, and 5. Wild-type (WT) and IL-10−/− mice were examined for Helicobacter colonization at days 2, 4, 8, 15, 22, and 29. A modified Steiner stain was performed on 8 longitudinal cross-sections of each stomach and the number of H. felis present on each section was determined. Data at each time point are expressed as mean ± SD for all mice per group, using the value from the section with the highest number of bacteria. ∗, p < 0.05 as compared with IL-10−/− mice. Results are representative of three independent experiments.
- FIGURE 2.
H. felis colonization and histopathology in H. felis-infected wt and IL-10−/− mice. Gastric sections from wt and IL-10−/− mice were stained using a modified Steiner method for the detection of H. felis or with H&E for light microscopic examination. The evaluation was performed 8 days after inoculation with H. felis. A, Steiner stain of H. felis-infected wt mouse (magnification, ×20); inset, ×100. Note dense colonization of glands with H. felis. B, Steiner stain of H. felis-infected IL-10−/− mouse (magnification, ×20); inset, ×100. Note absence of H. felis. C, Steiner stain of H. felis-infected, neutrophil-depleted IL-10−/− mouse (magnification, ×20); inset, ×100. Note dense colonization of glands with H. felis. D, H&E stain of H. felis-infected wt mouse (magnification, ×20); minimal infiltrate is noted. E, H&E stain of H. felis-infected IL-10−/− mouse (magnification, ×20); the lamina propria is infiltrated with both mononuclear cells and neutrophils. F, H. felis-infected, neutrophil-depleted IL-10−/− mouse (magnification, ×20); note absence of cellular infiltrate. WT, wild type; ND, neutrophil depleted.
- FIGURE 3.
A, Histopathologic evaluation of H. felis-induced gastritis in wt and IL-10−/− mice. The evaluation was performed 8 and 15 days (d) after initiation of inoculation with H. felis. The average pathologic score is indicated for each group. ∗, p < 0.05 as compared with wt mice. B, Effect of neutrophil depletion on H. felis-induced gastritis in IL-10−/− mice. Ab-mediated neutrophil depletion was initiated 1 day before inoculation with H. felis. Histopathologic evaluation was performed 8 and 15 days after initiation of inoculation with H. felis. Control wt and IL-10−/− mice and control mAb RB6.8C5-treated IL-10−/− mice had no evidence of gastritis (pathologic score, 0). Results are representative of three independent experiments. +, p < 0.05 as compared with control IL-10−/− mice.
- FIGURE 4.
Splenic lymphocytes from H. felis-infected wt (A) and IL-10−/− mice (B) produce IFN-γ. A, Spleen cells (day 15) were cultured at 5 × 106 cells/ml in complete medium or medium supplemented with H. felis Ag as described in Materials and Methods. After 48 h of culture, supernatants were harvested and analyzed for cytokine content (IFN-γ and IL-4) by ELISA. No IL-4 was detected. In some cultures, T cells were depleted before culture with H. felis Ag. Data at each time point are expressed as mean ± SD of observations from five mice per group; ∗, p < 0.001 as compared with control uninfected wt mice; #, p < 0.0001 as compared with control uninfected IL-10−/− mice. Results are representative of three independent experiments. WT, wild type.
- FIGURE 5.
Effect of neutrophil depletion on the level of H. felis colonization in the stomachs of IL-10−/− mice. Anti-neutrophil Ab (RB6–8C5, 1 mg i.p., every other day) or isotype control Ab was administered to IL-10−/− mice beginning 1 day before inoculation with H. felis and continued for the duration of the experiment. Eight and 15 days (d) after inoculation, mice were assessed for the level of H. felis colonization. Results are expressed as the mean ± SD of six mice within a given group; ∗, p < 0.001 as compared with control IL-10−/− mice. A representative experiment of five independent experiments is shown.
- FIGURE 6.
Effect of neutrophil depletion on the T cell response to H. felis in Helicobacter-infected IL-10−/− mice. Spleen cells from isotype control Ab-treated H. felis-infected IL-10−/− mice and RB6–8C5-treated (neutrophil depleted), H. felis-infected IL-10−/− mice were cultured in vitro in medium alone or medium supplemented with H. felis sonicate (1 μg/ml). Supernatants from triplicate cultures were harvested after 48 h. IFN-γ concentrations in cell culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. Results represent the mean value of six mice within a given group in one of three independent experiments. ∗, p < 0.005 as compared with control (nondepleted) Helicobacter-infected IL-10−/− mice.
In this issue
