Inhibition of Cell Cycle Progression by Rapamycin Induces T Cell Clonal Anergy Even in the Presence of Costimulation

Jonathan D. Powell; Cara G. Lerner; Ronald H. Schwartz

Article Information

vol. 162 no. 5 2775-2784

PubMed

10072524

Published By

The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.

Print ISSN

0022-1767

Online ISSN

1550-6606

History

Received September 4, 1998
Accepted December 3, 1998
Published online March 1, 1999.

Author Information

Jonathan D. Powell,
Cara G. Lerner and
Ronald H. Schwartz¹

Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892

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	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Sep 2000	2	5	9
Oct 2000	4	20	16
Nov 2000	3	12	15
Dec 2000	2	21	19
Total 2000	11	58	59
Jan 2001	4	16	23
Feb 2001	6	21	16
Mar 2001	1	33	28
Apr 2001	3	31	26
May 2001	1	19	18
Jun 2001	3	24	23
Jul 2001	1	20	22
Aug 2001	1	17	11
Sep 2001	2	10	8
Oct 2001	4	23	16
Nov 2001	3	23	18
Dec 2001	4	9	5
Total 2001	33	246	214
Jan 2002	2	20	24
Feb 2002	5	25	20
Mar 2002	5	10	9
Apr 2002	2	19	11
May 2002	1	15	13
Jun 2002	1	6	11
Jul 2002	3	18	12
Aug 2002	2	12	13
Sep 2002	2	27	23
Oct 2002	0	11	12
Nov 2002	3	13	11
Dec 2002	4	17	18
Total 2002	30	193	177
Jan 2003	2	14	17
Feb 2003	0	14	14
Mar 2003	4	25	29
Apr 2003	7	19	18
May 2003	2	18	16
Jun 2003	3	13	11
Jul 2003	3	14	16
Aug 2003	9	23	19
Sep 2003	9	13	13
Oct 2003	10	24	13
Nov 2003	15	27	19
Dec 2003	6	25	11
Total 2003	70	229	196
Jan 2004	11	29	11
Feb 2004	9	19	13
Mar 2004	7	29	23
Apr 2004	13	21	17
May 2004	8	36	14
Jun 2004	8	29	9
Jul 2004	10	22	14
Aug 2004	16	30	15
Sep 2004	18	52	18
Oct 2004	13	39	9
Nov 2004	12	50	13
Dec 2004	15	36	13
Total 2004	140	392	169
Jan 2005	12	63	26
Feb 2005	14	47	17
Mar 2005	11	56	23
Apr 2005	2	20	15
May 2005	4	9	6
Jun 2005	4	16	13
Jul 2005	15	22	16
Aug 2005	11	31	8
Sep 2005	7	27	10
Oct 2005	7	20	14
Nov 2005	9	28	6
Dec 2005	2	20	20
Total 2005	98	359	174
Jan 2006	10	22	10
Feb 2006	7	23	10
Mar 2006	11	33	17
Apr 2006	5	28	15
May 2006	6	18	15
Jun 2006	4	12	13
Jul 2006	6	17	17
Aug 2006	4	31	7
Sep 2006	3	18	4
Oct 2006	6	18	13
Nov 2006	8	22	9
Dec 2006	5	16	16
Total 2006	75	258	146
Jan 2007	5	32	25
Feb 2007	3	27	16
Mar 2007	6	28	28
Apr 2007	13	21	16
May 2007	6	20	12
Jun 2007	6	23	13
Jul 2007	6	37	13
Aug 2007	16	17	10
Sep 2007	8	20	12
Oct 2007	9	16	10
Nov 2007	6	22	12
Dec 2007	8	17	12
Total 2007	92	280	179
Jan 2008	8	25	18
Feb 2008	9	16	7
Mar 2008	22	32	18
Apr 2008	18	34	13
May 2008	11	17	5
Jun 2008	10	17	15
Jul 2008	8	14	10
Aug 2008	6	11	5
Sep 2008	9	18	15
Oct 2008	12	21	21
Nov 2008	13	8	13
Dec 2008	7	6	5
Total 2008	133	219	145
Jan 2009	10	6	7
Feb 2009	9	4	7
Mar 2009	11	15	8
Apr 2009	13	16	12
May 2009	5	10	10
Jun 2009	3	7	6
Jul 2009	3	12	12
Aug 2009	6	12	10
Sep 2009	3	7	6
Oct 2009	11	13	8
Nov 2009	5	8	6
Dec 2009	5	9	9
Total 2009	84	119	101
Jan 2010	12	12	15
Feb 2010	7	6	8
Mar 2010	13	19	13
Apr 2010	13	10	13
May 2010	8	22	11
Jun 2010	8	12	10
Jul 2010	1	9	9
Aug 2010	5	10	5
Sep 2010	3	10	11
Oct 2010	8	13	9
Nov 2010	6	12	14
Dec 2010	0	6	4
Total 2010	84	141	122
Jan 2011	14	13	12
Feb 2011	7	14	14
Mar 2011	10	11	10
Apr 2011	7	17	8
May 2011	21	17	18
Jun 2011	11	12	7
Jul 2011	5	13	9
Aug 2011	6	10	7
Sep 2011	7	23	14
Oct 2011	5	21	17
Nov 2011	9	29	17
Dec 2011	4	17	6
Total 2011	106	197	139
Jan 2012	7	12	11
Feb 2012	12	15	10
Mar 2012	14	16	19
Apr 2012	8	18	13
May 2012	8	16	13
Jun 2012	8	11	7
Jul 2012	17	20	13
Aug 2012	10	11	5
Sep 2012	7	21	11
Oct 2012	11	16	5
Nov 2012	5	22	7
Dec 2012	2	7	7
Total 2012	109	185	121
Jan 2013	5	15	13
Feb 2013	12	35	25
Mar 2013	5	12	6
Apr 2013	3	19	12
May 2013	2	16	19
Jun 2013	5	11	10
Jul 2013	1	10	6
Aug 2013	5	8	3
Sep 2013	2	3	1
Oct 2013	8	10	6
Nov 2013	4	6	3
Dec 2013	3	5	3
Total 2013	55	150	107
Jan 2014	2	5	2
Feb 2014	5	8	5
Mar 2014	7	8	6
Apr 2014	5	11	13
May 2014	6	13	8
Jun 2014	6	7	3
Jul 2014	12	16	10
Aug 2014	3	6	6
Sep 2014	3	8	3
Oct 2014	8	15	9
Nov 2014	2	9	11
Dec 2014	2	13	10
Total 2014	61	119	86
Jan 2015	3	15	8
Feb 2015	4	18	12
Mar 2015	14	12	6
Apr 2015	7	9	6
May 2015	8	10	10
Jun 2015	4	8	8
Jul 2015	6	13	9
Aug 2015	8	18	14
Sep 2015	25	9	3
Oct 2015	15	12	9
Nov 2015	9	10	3
Dec 2015	24	11	7
Total 2015	127	145	95
Jan 2016	23	8	12
Feb 2016	19	9	12
Mar 2016	51	12	11
Apr 2016	12	16	15
May 2016	12	8	10
Jun 2016	12	15	15
Jul 2016	8	15	18
Aug 2016	6	8	7
Sep 2016	9	1	5
Oct 2016	20	11	8
Nov 2016	3	8	7
Dec 2016	4	7	6
Total 2016	179	118	126
Jan 2017	3	18	23
Feb 2017	1	16	5
Mar 2017	2	17	3
Apr 2017	2	13	3
May 2017	0	20	2
Jun 2017	1	11	6
Jul 2017	1	14	8
Aug 2017	1	7	4
Sep 2017	1	22	6
Oct 2017	0	16	8
Nov 2017	0	24	4
Dec 2017	5	20	8
Total 2017	17	198	80
Jan 2018	2	25	10
Feb 2018	1	14	4
Mar 2018	5	29	5
Apr 2018	5	22	5
May 2018	3	25	7
Jun 2018	0	18	8
Jul 2018	2	23	9
Aug 2018	2	16	9
Sep 2018	0	29	9
Oct 2018	7	34	8
Nov 2018	2	25	5
Dec 2018	0	29	6
Total 2018	29	289	85
Jan 2019	0	27	9
Feb 2019	6	17	9
Mar 2019	0	15	5
Apr 2019	1	18	7
May 2019	0	12	3
Jun 2019	1	16	6
Jul 2019	1	19	12
Aug 2019	2	135	2
Sep 2019	1	103	4
Oct 2019	6	192	10
Nov 2019	2	77	9
Dec 2019	5	31	12
Total 2019	25	662	88
Jan 2020	3	50	9
Feb 2020	3	14	50
Mar 2020	1	20	8
Apr 2020	2	10	1
May 2020	6	19	11
Jun 2020	1	8	2
Jul 2020	1	3	0
Aug 2020	0	20	4
Sep 2020	2	53	2
Oct 2020	2	65	1
Nov 2020	3	19	7
Dec 2020	4	24	17
Total 2020	28	305	112
Jan 2021	5	15	7
Feb 2021	4	7	2
Mar 2021	6	23	7
Total 2021	15	45	16
Total	1601	4907	2737