Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-specific CD8+ CTL clones from patients with HTLV-I-associated neurologic disease secrete proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinase.

Abstract

Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a chronic, progressive neurologic disease characterized by marked degeneration of the spinal cord and the presence of infiltrating CD8+ T cells and macrophages. HAM/TSP patients have very high frequencies of HTLV-I-specific CD8+ CTL in peripheral blood and in cerebrospinal fluid. In this study, we show that HAM/TSP patients also have elevated levels of peripheral blood CD8+ T cells that produce intracellular IFN-gamma. To address the potential role of soluble mediators secreted by CD8+ T cells in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP, we have analyzed the capacity of a panel of nine HTLV-I-specific CD8+ CTL clones derived from three HAM/TSP patients to secrete cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases. The results demonstrate that the majority of these CTL clones secrete IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha and -1beta, IL-16, and matrix metalloproteinase-9. These findings indicate that HTLV-I-specific CD8+ CTL are an important source of proinflammatory soluble mediators that may contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP.