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The proximal promoter of the IL-4 gene is composed of multiple essential regulatory sites that bind at least two distinct factors.

M R Hodge, J W Rooney and L H Glimcher
J Immunol June 15, 1995, 154 (12) 6397-6405;
M R Hodge
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J W Rooney
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L H Glimcher
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Abstract

Immune responses to pathogens often lead to the generation of polarized T helper subsets designated Th1 and Th2. Th1 cells, characterized by the production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, stimulate cellular immune responses important for protection against intracellular pathogens. In contrast, Th2 cells, which produce IL-4, are potent stimulators of B cells and stimulate protection against extracellular pathogens. IL-4 has also emerged as a key cytokine in T cell differentiation since it has been shown to direct the development of naive T cells toward a Th2 phenotype. Recent studies have provided insights into the transcriptional regulation of IL-4, including the identification of multiple binding sites for a subunit of the IL-2 transcription factor NF-AT. In this study we describe the characterization of an essential region of the IL-4 promoter located immediately upstream of the TATA element. High-resolution mutagenesis of this 33-bp region revealed multiple sites indispensable for inducible IL-4 transcription. Included in this region are overlapping binding sites for the cyclosporin A-sensitive factor NF-ATp and a novel constitutively expressed factor designated PCC. An additional sequence adjacent to the TATA element is also shown to be critical for IL-4 transcription in Th2 cells.

  • Copyright © 1995 by American Association of Immunologists

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The Journal of Immunology
Vol. 154, Issue 12
15 Jun 1995
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The proximal promoter of the IL-4 gene is composed of multiple essential regulatory sites that bind at least two distinct factors.
M R Hodge, J W Rooney, L H Glimcher
The Journal of Immunology June 15, 1995, 154 (12) 6397-6405;

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The proximal promoter of the IL-4 gene is composed of multiple essential regulatory sites that bind at least two distinct factors.
M R Hodge, J W Rooney, L H Glimcher
The Journal of Immunology June 15, 1995, 154 (12) 6397-6405;
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Print ISSN 0022-1767        Online ISSN 1550-6606