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Correlation of the Suppression of Mitogen Responsiveness and the Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction with the Proliferative Response to Viral Antigen of Splenic Lymphocytes from Cytomegalovirus-Infected Mice

Douglas K. Kelsey, James C. Overall Jr. and Lowell A. Glasgow
J Immunol August 1, 1978, 121 (2) 464-470;
Douglas K. Kelsey
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James C. Overall Jr.
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Lowell A. Glasgow
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Abstract

Lymphocyte function has been shown to be suppressed during cytomegalovirus infections of humans and mice. We compared nonspecific and specific lymphocyte reactions of splenic lymphocytes from murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-infected C3H adult mice during the acute and recovery phases of infection. The response to phytohemagglutinin or lipopolysaccharide was suppressed maximally 4 to 5 days after infection and returned to normal levels by 15 days. The mixed lymphocyte response was suppressed 2 to 10 days after infection and returned to normal by 15 days. In contrast, lymphocytes responded to MCMV-infected syngeneic mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF) by day 2 of infection incorporating 52,183 ± 9866 counts per minute (cpm) of 3H-thymidine compared with 23,587 ± 3909 cpm with uninfected MEF. The response to infected MEF increased to 132,560 ± 27,739 cpm by day 10. The ability of splenic lymphocytes from infected mice to respond to MCMV-infected MEF was retained for at least 75 days after infection. Preliminary characterization of the cells responding in the MCMV-induced proliferation assay showed that they were sensitive to treatment with anti-θ serum and complement, but not to treatment with anti-mouse γ-globulin and complement. The development of a specific lymphocyte response to viral infected cells during MCMV infection at a time when the MLR and response to mitogens are suppressed suggests that viral induced immuno-suppression may result from the regulation of the immune response of the host rather than a direct effect of the virus.

Footnotes

  • ↵2 Portions of this work were submitted to the Faculty of the University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree in Microbiology.

  • ↵3 Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

  • ↵4 Requests for reprints: Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132.

  • ↵1 This work was supported by United States Public Health Service Grant No. AI 10217 and Training Grant No. AI 107011 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland.

  • Received January 19, 1978.
  • Accepted April 27, 1978.
  • Copyright © 1978 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.

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The Journal of Immunology
Vol. 121, Issue 2
1 Aug 1978
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Correlation of the Suppression of Mitogen Responsiveness and the Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction with the Proliferative Response to Viral Antigen of Splenic Lymphocytes from Cytomegalovirus-Infected Mice
Douglas K. Kelsey, James C. Overall, Lowell A. Glasgow
The Journal of Immunology August 1, 1978, 121 (2) 464-470;

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Correlation of the Suppression of Mitogen Responsiveness and the Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction with the Proliferative Response to Viral Antigen of Splenic Lymphocytes from Cytomegalovirus-Infected Mice
Douglas K. Kelsey, James C. Overall, Lowell A. Glasgow
The Journal of Immunology August 1, 1978, 121 (2) 464-470;
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Print ISSN 0022-1767        Online ISSN 1550-6606