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FIGURE 4. Simulations leading to active disease. Shown are simulation dynamics for all cells and cytokines in the model for parameter values shown in Table III, with one parameter different: CTL activity is reduced (k52). Bacterial population dynamics are shown in A. Note that, in contrast to Fig. 2, at 1 year postinfection, the extracellular bacteria are growing logarithmically, whereas intracellular bacteria levels saturate infected macrophages. Macrophage populations are shown in B, and the level of infected macrophages has increased by four orders of magnitude compared with latency. T cells and cytokines respond by increases in their numbers and concentration, but infection is not controlled (C and D). The axes for bacterial and macrophage dynamics are indicated on a log scale, whereas T cell and cytokine dynamics are specified on a linear scale. Units are total lung levels, except for cytokine, which is expressed as picograms per milliliter.
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