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Observations on the Cross Protective Power of Anti-Pneumococcus Monovalent Sera, Types I, II, and III¹

With a Note on the Cross Protection Afforded by So-Called "Antibody Solution"

From the Bacteriological Laboratories of New York University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College and the Department of Health, City of New York

Abstract

In 1922 Cecil and Larsen (1) published a paper dealing with their observations on the results of treating pneumococcus pneumonia with Huntoon's (2) Types I, II and III polyvalent antibody solution² where they brought out among other things the suggestion that the statistical results indicated that the mortality rate from group IV pneumococcus pneumonia was lowered by such treatment. Similar observations were reported by Conner (3) in the same year.

This result was due either to an accidental fluctuation in the mortality rates of the treated and control cases or to genuine antibody protection against Type IV organisms by an antipneumococcus serum made from the three fixed pneumococcus Types I, II and III. This question of possible cross protection was considered by the Influenza Commission of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Society of great interest and practical importance. This investigation was undertaken by the writers at the suggestion of the Commission.

Footnotes

¹ This investigation was aided by a grant from the Influenza Commission of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Society.

² Huntoon's polyvalent antibody solution is prepared by agglutinating heavy emulsions of the types I, II and III pneumococci in polyvalent antipneumococcus sera with subsequent centrifugalization of the organisms and dissociation of the antibodies in weak alkaline solution.