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Sur L'Existence D'Un Troisième élément D'Isoagglutination

(Institut de Médecine Légale de l' Université de Modène)

Abstract

Lattes and Cavazzuti have carried out investigations for the purpose of checking the experiences of Guthrie and his collaborators, and of Coca and Klein, according to which the theory of the four human isoagglutination groups cannot be maintained, because of the presence, which they have thought they could demonstrate, of additional isoagglutination elements (agglutinogen-agglutinin).

Lattes and Cavazzuti, while entirely confirming the truth of the facts placed in evidence by these authors, were unable to agree with their interpretation of them. Their own observations show, indeed, that most of these facts can be explained by variable quantitative relations among the cellular properties (sensitiveness to agglutination, avidity for agglutinin, degree of antigenic power) and the agglutinating properties of the sera; and that the hypothesis of a qualitative multiplication of the agglutinogens and agglutinins is, on the whole, not necessary. Particularly, the study of the two varieties of blood of group 2, which are claimed by Guthrie and Huck to exist, show clearly that there is no question of the presence of a supplementary agglutinogen, but of quantitative variations in the properties of the corpuscles.

Certain cases cannot be explained in this manner, and Lattes and Cavazzuti describe one such which would have constituted an absolute confirmation of the ideas of Guthrie and Huck, and demonstrated the insufficiency of the theory of the four groups. This instance consisted in the blood of a group 4 (Jansky) whose serum strongly agglutinated certain group 2 corpuscles; but, in studying this blood carefully, by all appropriate means, to demonstrate the genuineness of the agglutination, Lattes and Cavazzuti have reached the conclusion that they had to do here with a pseudo-agglutination, a misleading phenomenon, which can simulate the appearance of isoagglutination, but which has no specificity, which is not accompanied by absorption, and which does not necessarily coincide with autoagglutination in a strict sense. This phenomenon, then, can also, in some cases lead to error, and cause one to assume a multiplication of isoagglutination elements.