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Desensitization to Local Action of Antigen (Arthus Phenomenon)

Henry Phipps Institute of the University of Pennsylvania and the Pathological Laboratory of Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri

Abstract

Sensitization to the local action of protein may be transferred to a normal animal by injecting the serum of an animal which has received repeated injections of the antigen. This observation may be explained by the assumption that the serum of the immunized animal contains an antibody upon which the local reaction (Arthus phenomenon) depends. Analogy with other reactions in which antigen and antibody are concerned suggests the possibility that saturation of the antibody with antigen may obliterate the phenomenon. Attempts have been made to desensitize animals which as the result of immunization exhibit acute inflammation and necrosis when injected with the antigen employed for immunization.

No desensitization of rabbits repeatedly injected with horse serum was observed by Knox, Moss and Brown (1) when they injected intravenously or into the peritoneum large quantities (5 to 10 cc.) of horse serum.