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The Qualitative Receptor Analysis in its Application to Typhoid Fever

From the Hadassah Medical Organization, Bacteriological Laboratory, Rothschild Hospital, Jerusalem

Abstract

One of the unsolved problems of immunology is the questionas to what relation the antibacterial immune bodies—agglutinins,precipitins, complement-binding bodies, bacteriolysins andopsonins—bear to each other. Although they have all beenknown for many years and play a most prominent part in bacteriologicalpractice in daily recurring experiments, in vivo orin vitro, their relation to each other is not yet cleared up. Whilesome scientists regard them as isolated substances, which carryon their activities independently of each other, others referagglutination, complement fixation, bacteriolysis, etc., to oneundivided immune body, which imparts the capacity to theimmune serum, to act upon the bacterial antigen in the variousforms to which specific names have been given according totheir separate reactions. There are weighty arguments, proand con, for both opinions.

There are now available entirely new points of view in referenceto the working out of these problems, since it has been proved byWeil and Felix that in large groups of pathogenic and saprophyticbacteria the antigen is not homogeneous, but consists of twoseparate parts which differ from each other in principle.