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The Journal of Immunology, 1962, 89: 314-317.
Copyright © 1962 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.
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The Effects of Alloxan Diabetes on Phagocytosis and Susceptibility to Infection

Kenneth F. Wertman and Mary R. Henney

From the Department of Microbiology and Medical Technology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona

Abstract

Male albino rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain were injected with varying amounts of alloxan and the following studies were made: a) blood sugar determinations, b) susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus, c) the phagocytic activity of the leukocytes, and d) differential cell counts of the peripheral blood. Adequate numbers of control animals were included.

The following observations were made from these studies:

1. Rats that received 20 mg or less of alloxan/kg of body weight failed to develop significant amounts of blood sugar. Approximately 50% of the rats injected with 30 mg of alloxan/kg of body weight failed to develop significant blood sugar levels but the remainder of this group and the animals that received 40 mg of alloxan/kg of body weight developed significantly higher blood sugar levels.
2. The rats with high concentrations of blood sugar were more susceptible to the challenge injection of Staphylococcus aureus than those with low concentrations.
3. The percentage of neutrophils actively engaged in phagocytosis was considerably less in the diabetic rats and the average number of organisms phagocytized by these cells was considerably less than by the cells of the normal control animals.
4. The differential cell counts of the peripheral blood of the alloxan diabetic rats and the controls were within normal range.






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