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The Mechanism of Particulate Carrier Reactions

IV. Adsorption of Human -Globulin to Tanned Sheep Erythrocytes and Their Sensitization for Agglutination with Rheumatoid Arthritis Serum¹

From the Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, and the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York

Abstract

Examination of 16 commercial preparations of HGG revealed great variability in their capacity to sensitize tanned sheep erythrocytes for agglutination with RAS. Sodium sulfate fractionation of one whole -globulin revealed that sensitizing capacity was largely in the aggregated fraction and that the 7 S fraction was a very poor sensitizer.

Tanned sheep cells were found to adsorb HGG in amounts proportional to the concentration of the added protein. Logarithmic plots of amounts adsorbed against amounts added were linear and corresponded to a Freundlich type of adsorption isotherm. Under the conditions of the FII coated tanned sheep cell procedure and with a sensitizing amount of 1000 µg N, one tanned sheep red cell adsorbed about 5 x 10⁵ HGG molecules.

Both 7 S HGG and aggregated HGG were adsorbed to tanned sheep cells, and the corresponding isotherms were very similar even though only aggregated HGG could sensitize tanned sheep cells for agglutination with RAS. Maximum titers were observed at a sensitizing level of 5 x 10⁴ aggregated HGG molecules adsorbed/red cell.

RAS agglutination titers increased to a limiting value, with increasing adsorption of HGG to tanned sheep cells. Beyond this limiting titer, adsorption of further HGG by the tanned sheep cells occurred without effect on the titer.

Footnotes

¹ This investigation was supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland, and the New York State Chapter of the Arthritis and Rheumatism Foundation.

² Senior Investigator, Arthritis and Rheumatism Foundation.

³ Present address: Department of Microbiology, Montefiore Hospital, Bronx, New York.

⁴ Present address: Department of Bacteriology, Tel Hashomer Hospital, Israel.