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Blood Group Studies on the Antigenic Structure of Human Red Cells and its Relation to the So-Called Secretor and Nonsecretor with Special Reference to Its Heredity

From the Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Abstract

The quantity of each partial antigen of A and B blood groups in the carbohydrate fraction of human red cells show a great variability indicating a marked individual difference and this coincides with that in the saliva of the same individual. Thus the composition ratio of the partial antigens is, in the authors' concept, characteristic to each individual. The secretor and nonsecretor are defined as the character bound to the red cells in general in which the blood group substances with their characteristic composition ratio are contained abundantly or scantily.

The composition ratio of partial antigens seems to be a factor inherited along with the A and B gene. However, the quantity of the partial antigens, which is also an inheritable characteristic, is determined by the already known S and s genes. The significance of the results is discussed with particular reference to the possibility of practical application of the authors' genetic theory in the exclusion of paternity.