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The Distribution of Forssman Blood Factors in Individuals of Various Artiodactyl Species¹

School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California and Biological Research Institute of the San Diego Zoological Gardens, San Diego, California

Abstract

The preparation and specificities of a blood typing reagent, designated Tx, which defined individual differences in tahr goats, the homologous species, are described.

It is shown that the red cell antigens involved in the reactions with the Tx reagent are the same as those which cross react with classical Forssman antibodies prepared by immunizing rabbits with extracts of guinea pig organs.

Data are presented on the distribution of Forssman blood factors in representatives of 33 species in the order Artiodacyla. Individuals with Forssman-positive red cells were encountered in only 1 family, namely, the Bovidae, and within that family they were confined to 3 of 5 subfamilies, namely, the Hippotraginae, the Caprinae and the Ovinae.

Three subtypes of the Forssman or Tx blood factor are described: subtype 1 which was observed in all species of caprines (subfamilies Caprinae and Ovinae) represented in the study; subtype 2 which was observed in only 1 species, namely, the blesbok antelope of subfamily Hippotraginae; and subtype 3 which occurred in only 1 species, the white bearded gnu of subfamily Hippotraginae.

Footnotes

¹ The work reported was made possible by the Biological Research Institute of the Zoological Society of San Diego through the award of the Ellen B. Scripps Fellowship for the year 1956–1957 to the senior author. We are deeply indebted to the Officers and Staff of the San Diego Zoo and Zoo Hospital for their encouragement and assistance.