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Concerning the Cytopathogenic Effect of Poliovirus; Evidence for an Extraviral Toxin¹

From the Department of Epidemiology and Virus Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

Abstract

A toxic effect of fluids obtained from tissue cultures infected with type 1 poliovirus was observed when the fluids were introduced into fresh cultures. The destructive activity is distinct from the usual virus-induced cytopathogenic effect in that it occurs rapidly, without a prolonged latent period and without virus production. The infectious activity can be selectively neutralized by antiserum with full retention of the toxicity. However, certain antisera will also neutralize the toxin. Further, the two activities possess differential heat stability. The ability to destroy cells and give rise to detectable amounts of toxin is a characteristic of only certain lines of the poliovirus.

Footnotes

This work is supported by a grant from the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, Inc.

² Dr. F. E. Payne is a Fellow of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis.