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Poliomyelitis Antibodies in Human Gamma Globulin¹

From the Section of Preventive Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut

Abstract

Sixty-five samples of human gamma globulin representative of the materials used for poliomyelitis prophylaxis in the United States during the summer and fall of 1953 and 1954, and two samples of Japanese origin, were assayed for poliomyelitis neutralizing antibodies by means of tissue culture neutralization tests. Using a fixed challenge of 100 tissue culture doses of virus and varying dilutions of gamma globulin the average titers for antibodies against virus types 1, 2, and 3 were 1:1130, 1:1060, and 1:770, using data provided by both cytopathogenic and colorimetric tests.

Gamma globulin preparations derived from human placentas had as much poliomyelitis neutralizing antibody as the best preparations made from pooled plasma.

Comparison of untreated human plasma pools and the gamma globulins derived from them demonstrated that poliomyelitis antibodies were concentrated in this fraction. However a sample of beta globulin and a sample of gamma globulin, both manufactured from the same pool of human plasma, showed neutralizing antibody levels of the same order of magnitude.

Footnotes

¹ Aided by a grant from the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, Inc.

² Fellow of the China Medical Board on leave from the Kitasato Institute, Tokyo.