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Influenza Virus-Erythrocyte Interaction

I. REVERSIBLE REACTION BETWEEN LEE VIRUS AND CAT ERYTHROCYTES

From the Hospital of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York, N. Y.

Abstract

Cat erythrocytes are agglutinable by influenza B virus but not by influenza A or C viruses or by swine influenza, mumps, or Newcastle disease viruses. Lee virus, either active or after heating at 56°C for 30 minutes, combines with and agglutinates cat RBC at 4°C but not at 24°C. The Lee virus-cat erythrocyte complex, formed at 5°C, promptly dissociates at 24°C in the absence of enzymatic activity. Formation of the Lee virus-cat erythrocyte combination is a reversible equilibrium reaction which is markedly temperature dependent. The temperature dependence probably indicates that the strength of binding forces between Lee virus particles and cat erythrocyte receptors is very low. Under proper conditions, the formation of the combination is followed by enzymatic elution of Lee virus resulting in destruction of receptors for inflenza B viruses present on the cat RBC surface. In allantoic fluid there are present one or more dialyzable components which inhibit enzymatic elution of Lee virus from cat erythrocytes. The receptors for Lee virus on the cat RBC surface are similar to influenza virus receptors on erythrocytes from other species. Lee virus-cat RBC interaction is dependent on the ionic environment in a manner observed for other influenza virus-RBC systems.