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The Effects of Vital Dyes Upon Experimental Foot and Mouth Virus Infection of Guinea Pigs

From the Istituto Sieroterapico Milanese "Serafino Belfanti," Milano, Italy

Abstract

Guinea pigs were infected with the foot and mouth disease virus and treated with vital dyes at the site of the inculation. It has been found that inoculation followed immediately by the dye injection (janus green, victoria blue, malachite green, brilliant green, giesma solution or nile blue) delayed or suppressed the development of primary and/or secondary dermal lesions. By inoculating the virus into the pad of the guinea pig after dye injection, the protective activity was totally lost for victoria blue and giemsa solution. An activity corresponding to an average curative effect was obtained with brilliant green and malachite green (total dose 62 mg/kg), even when their first administration followed the infection by 3 hours. This was presumably at a time when active virus multiplication was already in progress. Under these conditions methyl green had some effect, blue victoria and janus green were less effective, while pyronine and giemsa solution were completely ineffective. This effect on the disease is supposed to depend on some mechanism of inactivation of the virus by the dye.

The dye treated animals which did not develop visible symptoms were susceptible to reinoculation, while those in which the dye treatment showed a limited action only, were immune to a challenge consisting of 10,000 infective doses. The lack of immunity of the healed antimals may be considered an additional evidence for cure and suggests that the virus has been suppressed in vivo before being able to determine an immunological defense.

Footnotes

¹ Present address: Department of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, The Armour Laboratories, Chicago 9, Illinois.