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Studies in Dysentery Vaccination^*

VI. Primary Vaccination of Children with Polyvalent Vaccines of Shigella

From the Children's Hospital Research Foundation and the Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati

Abstract

A total of 60 children 15 to 18 years of age were injected subcutaneously with polyvalent Shigella vaccines in order to obtain information regarding toxic reactions, stimulation of serum protective power and agglutinative titers.

The polyvalent vaccines used were: bivalent, Sh. flexneri II and III; trivalent, Sh. flexneri II, III and VII; pentavalent, Sh. flexneri I, II, III, VI and Sh. sonnei; and hexavalent, Sh. flexneri I, II, III, VI, Sh. sonnei and Sh. ambigua.

Two vaccines standardized to contain 10 billion bacteria per ml and one vaccine standardized to contain 10 mg of bacterial nitrogen per 100 ml produced local and systemic reactions which were too severe to justify their use. They did stimulate significant increases in protective power of sera which persisted 10 to 52 weeks. They also stimulated increased agglutinative titers which were maximal one week after completion of vaccination and which varied over a wide range.

Vaccines standardized to contain 8.1 mg and 8.7 mg of bacterial nitrogen per 100 ml produced local and systemic reactions which were not too severe to justify their use. They did stimulate significant increases in protective power of sera which persisted 18 to 52 weeks. The vaccine containing 8.7 mg of nitrogen per 100 ml stimulated increased agglutinative titers which were maximal one week after completion of vaccination and which varied widely.

Tests of sera for increases in protective power were, in general, more sensitive for detecting humoral antibodies than were tests for agglutinative titers.

Comparison in two groups of children of weekly and biweekly injections of pentavalent Shigella vaccine on the production of local and systemic reactions and antibody responses did not indicate any superiority of one interval of vaccination over the other.

Footnotes

^* This study was begun under a contract with the Office of Scientific Research and Development and completed with a grant from the United States Public Health Service.