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The Antigenicity of Chick Embryo

From the Lederle Laboratories, Pearl River, New York

Abstract

The success with which many viruses and other agents of disease can be grown in chick embryos makes inevitable the increasing use of such embryo cultures in the production of vaccines. For this reason information about the antigenic qualities of different chick embryonic tissues is needed to provide a basis for estimating the likelihood of unfavorable reactions following widespread vaccination.

Vaccines prepared from entire embryos have already been used on a large scale. More than a million persons (1) have received chick-grown yellow fever virus. The absence of reactions attributable to chick tissue in this series clearly demonstrates the safety of a single-injection procedure using chick-embryo vaccines. Multiple-injection vaccinations have been carried out on a smaller scale with embryo-propagated encephalomyelitic (2) and influenzal vaccines (3). Experience with several hundred individuals taken from the published data and from the experience of this laboratory does not suggest that serious problems involving sensitization would be encountered in its wider applications.