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Active Immunity to Influenza Virus in the Mouse¹

From the Connaught Laboratories and the School of Hygiene, University of Toronto

Abstract

It has now been repeatedly shown that it is possible to produce a considerable degree of immunity to the intranasal inoculation of influenza virus in both mouse and ferret by the parenteral injection of living or inactivated influenza virus. This communication is an account of experiments which have been carried out in order to investigate the specificity of the immunity produced and the effect which inactivation has on the specificity of the immunizing antigens.

Experimental Methods. Preparation of viral suspensions. All suspensions were prepared in the following way. Swiss mice were inoculated intranasally under ether-anesthesia with a heavy suspension of virus and were killed 48 hours later. Irrespective of whether there were pulmonary lesions or not, 5 per cent suspensions by weight were made by grinding the lungs in equal parts of broth and saline solution with a little sand. The suspensions were then clarified by centrifugation for 30 minutes in the more horizontal position of an angle centrifuge.

Footnotes

¹ In all the charts, each mouse is represented by a horizontal rectangle. If the mouse died, the remainder of the rectangle is blackened. If it survived until the 14th day, it is represented by a square at the end of the rectangle. The severity of the lesions in the lungs of all survivors killed on the 14th day is indicated by the number of crosses in the appropriate square. Thus, no marks indicate that the mouse had no lesions, one cross-bar indicates a minimal lesion while four cross-bars indicate a severe degree of consolidation.