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A Study of the Pneumococcus Toxins

From the Blood Transfusion Betterment Association, New York City

Abstract

1. A toxin has been demonstrated in filtrates of pneumococcus cultures the injection of which in young children caused a rise in temperature which reached 105°F. in the more susceptible children.

2. All of 34 children under 3 years of age, excepting two who previously suffered either bronchopneumonia or a severe bronchitis, were found susceptible to the type I toxin.

3. All of 31 persons suffering from or convalescent from pneumococcus pneumonia were found immune to the type I toxin (skin test).

4. The toxin seems to be type-specific.

5. The toxin is not the type-specific polysaccharide.

6. Cultures grown in the absence of artificially supplied CO₂ have been found to contain toxin which, however, seemed not to be capable of stimulating antitoxin production in human beings.

7. Two injections in children were followed, in the majority of instances, by prompt antitoxin production (one or two weeks).

8. Serum from two pneumonia convalescents neutralized the pneumococcus type I toxin.