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Hemolytic Streptococcus Toxins and Antitoxins

III. Toxicogenic Variation in a Hemolytic Streptococcus Strain of Scarlet Fever Origin

From the Antitoxin and Vaccine Laboratory of the Massachusetts Department of Public Health

Abstract

Veldee stated that the use of a toxin prepared from the NY-5 strain of the hemolytic streptococcus in his rabbit ear method of testing was preferable to the use of toxins from other sources for determining the neutralizing value of antitoxins for therapeutic use. We have followed this suggestion for some time, employing a NY-5 toxin for test purposes and also for the production of antitoxin in horses. In May, 1932 we discovered that, although our antitoxin gave satisfactory neutralization values when tested against our own toxin, it failed to do so on titration with standard toxin obtained from the National Institute of Health. This was decidedly at variance with our earlier experience, for previously our antitoxins had neutralized both our own and National Institute toxins equally well.

This finding led us to obtain transplants of the NY-5 strains from the National Institute of Health and from the Bureau of Laboratories of the New York State Department of Health.