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IL-21 Mediates Suppressive Effects via Its Induction of IL-10¹

Rosanne Spolski^*, Hyoung-Pyo Kim^*, Wei Zhu^,, David E. Levy^, and Warren J. Leonard^2,*

^* Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and Department of Pathology and Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016

IL-21 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is required for normal Ig production. We previously showed that IL-21 was elevated in BXSB-Yaa mice with systemic lupus erythematosus. These mice also had elevated IL-10 levels, and we now show that IL-21 induces IL-10 mRNA and protein, suggesting unexpected immunosuppressive activities for IL-21. Indeed, Th1 priming with IL-21 leads to accumulation of cells with immunosuppressive activity, and IL-21 overexpression decreases specific Ab production after immunization in an IL-10-dependent fashion. Moreover, we show that IL-21 signaling is required for maximal induction of IL-10 by IL-6 or IL-27. Overall, our data indicate that IL-21 regulates immune responses at least in part by inducing IL-10 and reveal unanticipated immunosuppressive actions for this cytokine.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (to W.J.L.) and National Institutes of Health Grant AI28900 (to D.E.L.).

² Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Warren J. Leonard, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1674. E-mail address: wjl{at}helix.nih.gov

³ Abbreviations used in this paper: KO, knockout; WT, wild type; TG, transgenic; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.

⁴ The online version of this article contains supplemental material.

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The JI 2009 182: 2555-2556. [Full Text]  

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