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Thymic Emigration: When and How T Cells Leave Home¹

Center for Immunology and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455

The thymus supports the differentiation of multiple distinct T cell subsets that play unique roles in the immune system. CD4 and CD8 /β T cells, / T cells, NKT cells, regulatory T cells, and intraepithelial lymphocytes all develop in the thymus and must leave it to provide their functions elsewhere in the body. This article will review recent research indicating differences in the time and migration patterns of T cell subsets found in the thymus. Additionally, we review current understanding of the molecules involved in thymocyte emigration, including the sphingolipid receptor S1P₁ and its regulation by the Krüppel-like transcription factor KLF2.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants R01 AI 39560 (to K.A.H.) and T32 AI007313 (to M.A.W.).

² Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Kristin A. Hogquist, 6-108 Nils Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455. E-mail address: hogqu001{at}umn.edu

³ Abbreviations used in this paper: T_reg, regulatory T cell; DP, double positive; HSA, heat-stable Ag; IEL, intraepithelial lymphocyte; KLF2, Krüppel-like factor 2; KO, knockout; mEC, medullary epithelial cell; S1P, sphingosine 1-phosphate; SP, single positive; TSA, tissue-specific Ag.

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