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* Intractable Immune System Disease Research Center and
Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo;
Department of Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba; and
Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
IL-27, a member of the IL-6/IL-12 family, activates both STAT1 and STAT3 through its receptor, which consists of WSX-1 and gp130 subunits, resulting in augmentation of Th1 differentiation and suppression of proinflammatory cytokine production. In the present study, we investigated the role of STAT3 in the IL-27-mediated immune functions. IL-27 induced phosphorylation of STAT1, -2, -3 and -5 in wild-type naive CD4+ T cells, but failed to induce that of STAT3 and STAT5 in STAT3-deficient cohorts. IL-27 induced not only proinflammatory responses including up-regulation of ICAM-1, T-box expressed in T cells, and IL-12Rβ2 and Th1 differentiation, but also anti-inflammatory responses including suppression of proinflammatory cytokine production such as IL-2, IL-4, and IL-13 even in STAT3-deficient naive CD4+ T cells. In contrast, IL-27 augmented c-Myc and Pim-1 expression and induced cell proliferation in wild-type naive CD4+ T cells but not in STAT3-deficient cohorts. Moreover, IL-27 failed to activate STAT3, augment c-Myc and Pim-1 expression, and induce cell proliferation in pro-B BaF/3 transfectants expressing mutant gp130, in which the putative STAT3-binding four Tyr residues in the YXXQ motif of the cytoplasmic region was replaced by Phe. These results suggest that STAT3 is activated through gp130 by IL-27 and is indispensable to IL-27-mediated cell proliferation but not to IL-27-induced Th1 differentiation and suppression of proinflammatory cytokine production. Thus, IL-27 may be a cytokine, which activates both STAT1 and STAT3 through distinct receptor subunits, WSX-1 and gp130, respectively, to mediate its individual immune functions.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
1 This study was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, "High-Tech Research Center" Project, and "University-Industry Joint Research" Project from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, by Naito Foundation, Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, and Sagawa Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research.
2 T.O. and M.A. contributed equally to this work.
3 Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Takayuki Yoshimoto, Intractable Immune System Disease Research Center, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan. E-mail address: yoshimot{at}tokyo-med.ac.jp
4 Abbreviations used in this paper: T-bet, T-box expressed in T cells; SOCS, suppressor of cytokine signaling; pY, phosphotyrosine; sIL-6R, soluble IL-6R.
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  T. Yoshimoto, N. Morishima, I. Mizoguchi, M. Shimizu, H. Nagai, S. Oniki, M. Oka, C. Nishigori, and J. Mizuguchi Antiproliferative Activity of IL-27 on Melanoma J. Immunol., May 15, 2008; 180(10): 6527 - 6535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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