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* Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory Science Division, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea;
Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka; and
Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Although the mucosal and the systemic immune compartments are structurally and functionally independent, they engage in cross-talk under specific conditions. To investigate this cross-talk, we vaccinated mice with tetanus toxoid together with cholera toxin with s.c. priming followed by intrarectal (IR) boosting. Interestingly, higher numbers of Ag-specific IgA and IgG Ab-secreting cells (ASCs) were detected in the lamina propria of the large intestine of mice vaccinated s.c.-IR. Ag-specific ASCs from the colon migrated to SDF-1
/CXCL12 and mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine/CCL28, suggesting that CXCR4+ and/or CCR10+ IgA ASCs found in the large intestine after s.c.-IR are of systemic origin. In the colonic patches-null mice, IgA ASCs in the large intestine were completely depleted. Furthermore, the accumulation of IgA ASCs in the colonic patches by inhibition of their migration with FTY720 revealed that colonic patches are the IgA class-switching site after s.c.-IR. Most interestingly, s.c.-IR induced numbers of Ag-specific IgA ASCs in the large intestine of TLR2–/–, TLR4–/–, MyD88–/–, and TRIF–/– mice that were comparable with those of wild-type mice. Taken together, our results suggest the possibility that cross-talk could occur between the large intestine and the systemic immune compartments via the colonic patches without the assistance of innate immunity.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
1 This work was supported by the governments of the Republic of Korea, Sweden, and Kuwait.
2 Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Mi-Na Kweon, Mucosal Immunology Section, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul National University Research Park, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea 151-818. E-mail address: mnkweon{at}ivi.int
3 Abbreviations used in this paper: PP, Peyer’s patch; IR, intrarectal; CT, cholera toxin; TT, tetanus toxoid; ASC, Ab-secreting cells; CP, colonic patch; DC, dendritic cell; MNC, mononuclear cell; LN, lymph node; MLN, mesenteric lymph node; CLN, cutaneous LN; ILN, iliac lymph node; pIgR, polyimmunoglobulin receptor; TCI, transcutaneous; CSR, class switching recombination; AID, activation-induced cytidine deaminase; ILN, iliac LN; MEC, mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine.
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