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Regulatory CD4⁺ T Cells Are Crucial for Preventing CD8⁺ T Cell-Mediated Autoimmunity¹

Maud Poitrasson-Rivière^*,, Boris Bienvenu^*,, Armelle Le Campion^*,, Chantal Bécourt, Bruno Martin^*, and Bruno Lucas^*,,2

^* Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Paris; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U567, Cochin Hospital, Paris; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U561, Saint-Vincent-de-Paul Hospital, Paris, France

In vivo studies have shown that regulatory CD4⁺ T cells regulate conventional CD4⁺ T cell responses to self- and environmental Ags. However, it remains unclear whether regulatory CD4⁺ T cells control CD8⁺ T cell responses to self, directly, or indirectly by decreasing available CD4⁺ T cell help. We have developed an experimental mouse model in which suppressive and helper T cells cannot mediate their functions. The mouse chimeras generated were not viable and rapidly developed multiple organ autoimmunity. These features were correlated with strong CD8⁺ T cell activation and accumulation in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. In vivo Ab treatment and secondary transfer experiments demonstrated that regulatory CD4⁺ T cells play an important direct role in the prevention of peripheral CD8⁺ T cell-mediated autoimmunity.

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¹ This work was supported by a grant from the French Research Ministry, a grant from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, and by a grant for young investigators from the French National Research Agency. B.M. was supported by a Ph.D fellowship from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale.

² Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Bruno Lucas, Institut Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Paris 75014, France. E-mail address: lucas{at}cochin.inserm.fr

³ Abbreviations used in this paper: BM, bone marrow; IEL, intraepithelial lymphocyte; IPEX, immune dysregulatory, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked.