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CD36 Is Differentially Expressed on B Cell Subsets during Development and in Responses to Antigen¹

Woong-Jai Won^*,, Martin F. Bachmann and John F. Kearney^2,*,

^* Division of Developmental and Clinical Immunology and Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Bikminghan AL 35294; and Cytos Biotechnology AG, Wagistr 25, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland

Of a number of mAbs made by immunization with sort-purified marginal zone (MZ) B cells, one was shown to recognize the mouse scavenger receptor CD36. Although CD36 is expressed by most resting MZ B cells and not by follicular and B1 B cells, it is rapidly induced on follicular B cells in vitro following TLR and CD40 stimulation. In response to T-independent and T-dependent Ag challenge, we found that CD36 was expressed on IgM⁺ plasma cells, but down-regulated on isotype-switched plasma cells in vivo. Although development, localization, and phenotype of MZ B cells in CD36^–/– mice appeared normal, there was a minor block in the transitional stages of mature B cell development. In both primary and secondary Ab responses to heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae (R36A strain), both phosphoryl choline (PC)-specific IgM and IgG levels in CD36^–/– mice were slightly reduced compared with wild-type mice. In addition, mice deficient in both TLR2 and CD36 produced significantly reduced levels of anti-PC IgG titers than those of single gene-deficient mice, suggesting that they may cooperate in an anti-PC Ab response. Collectively, these results show that CD36 does not affect the development of B cells, but modulates both primary and secondary anti-PC Ab responses during S. pneumoniae infection similarly to TLR2.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants CA13148 and AI14782.

² Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. John F. Kearney, Division of Developmental and Clinical Immunology, Department of Microbiology, SHEL 410, 1825 University Boulevard, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182. E-mail address: jfk{at}uab.edu

³ Abbreviations used in this paper: MZ, marginal zone; FO, follicular; PEC, peritoneal cavity; BM, bone marrow; DC, dendritic cell; PLC, plasma cell; GC, germinal center; WT, wild type; KO, knock-out; TG, transgenic; PC, phosphoryl choline; PEC, peritoneal cavity.

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