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Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been proposed as a regulator of lymphocyte trafficking, but its role in mucosa-associated diseases, such as in food allergies, remains to be elucidated. To examine the role of S1P in allergic diseases in the intestine, we used a Th2 cell-mediated Ag-specific allergic diarrhea model and demonstrated that type 1 S1P receptor (S1P1) expression was preferentially associated with pathogenic CD4+ T cells for the development of allergic reactions. Consistent with this demonstration, treatment with FTY720, a modulator of the S1P1, prevented allergic diarrhea by inhibiting the migration of systemically primed pathogenic CD4+ T cells induced by oral challenge with allergen into the large intestine. In addition, FTY720 hampered mast cell infiltration into the large intestine, whereas eosinophil infiltration into the large intestine and total and allergen-specific serum IgE production were comparable between mock- and FTY720-treated groups. These results suggest that modulation of the S1P-mediated pathway to inhibit the migration of pathogenic CD4+ T cells and mast cells into the large intestine could be a novel strategy for preventing allergic diarrhea.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
1 This work was supported by grants from Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) of the Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture, the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan, the Waksman Foundation, and Yakult Bio-Science Foundation.
2 Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Hiroshi Kiyono, Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. E-mail address: kiyono{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp
3 Abbreviations used in this paper: S1P, sphingosine 1-phosphate; S1P1, type 1 S1P receptor; HSA, human serum albumin; MLN, mesenteric lymph node; PP, Peyer’s patch.
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