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The Bw Cells, a Novel B Cell Population Conserved in the Whole Genus Mus

Aude Thiriot^*,, Anne-Marie Drapier^*,, Paulo Vieira, Catherine Fitting, Jean-Marc Cavaillon, Pierre-André Cazenave^* and Dominique Rueff-Juy^*,

^* Unité d’Immunophysiopathologie Infectieuse, Institut Pasteur, Department Immunologie, Paris and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Unité du Développement des Lymphocytes, Institut Pasteur, Department Immunologie, Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Unité de Cytokines and Inflammation, Institut Pasteur, Department Infection and Epidémiologie, Paris, France; and Unité de Biologie des Populations Lymphocytaires, Institut Pasteur, Department Immunologie, Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France

In common laboratory mouse strains, which are derived from the crossing between three subspecies, peritoneal B cells are enriched in B-1a cells characterized by the CD5⁺Mac-1⁺B220^lowIgM^highIgD^lowCD43⁺CD9⁺ phenotype. Intriguingly in other vertebrates, CD5⁺Mac-1⁺ cells have never been found in a specific anatomic site. To ascertain the peculiarity of the CD5⁺ peritoneal B cells in laboratory mice, we analyzed the peritoneal B cell subsets in 9 inbred and 39 outbred wild-derived mouse strains belonging to 13 different species/subspecies. We found that most of these strains do not have the CD5⁺ B-1a cell population. However, all of these strains including classical laboratory mouse strains, have variable proportions of a novel B cell population: Bw, which is characterized by a unique phenotype (CD5^–Mac-1⁺B220^highIgM^highIgD^highCD43^–CD9^–) and is not restricted to the peritoneal cavity. Bw cells are also distinct from both B-1 and B-2 cells from a functional point of view both by proliferative responses, cytokine secretion and Ab synthesis. Moreover, transfer experiments show that bone marrow and fetal liver cells from wild mice can give rise to Bw cells in alymphoid mice. The conservation of this B cell population, but not of the CD5⁺ B-1a, during evolution of the genus Mus, its readiness to respond to TLR ligands and to produce high concentration of autoantibodies suggest that Bw cells play a key role in innate immunity.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ This work was supported by PTR150 Institute Pasteur Paris and CNRS URA 1961. A.T. is a recipient of a fellowship from the University Pierre et Marie Curie- Paris VI.

² Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Dominique Rueff-Juy, Institut Pasteur, Department Immunology-Unité de Biologie des Populations Lymphocytaires, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, Paris, France. E-mail address: rueffjuy{at}pasteur.fr

³ Abbreviations used in this paper: MZ, marginal zone; BM, bone marrow; CpG, cytosine phosphate guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide; FL, fetal liver; PC, phosphorylcholine; PtC, phosphatidylcholine.

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