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A Costimulatory Function for T Cell CD40¹

Melissa E. Munroe^* and Gail A. Bishop^2,*,,

^* Department of Microbiology and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242; and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52242

CD40 plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of inflammation and autoimmunity. B cell CD40 directly activates cells, which can result in autoantibody production. T cells can also express CD40, with an increased frequency and amount of expression seen in CD4⁺ T lymphocytes of autoimmune mice, including T cells from mice with collagen-induced arthritis. However, the mechanisms of T cell CD40 function have not been clearly defined. To test the hypothesis that CD40 can serve as a costimulatory molecule on T lymphocytes, CD40⁺ T cells from collagen-induced arthritis mice were examined in parallel with mouse and human T cell lines transfected with CD40. CD40 served as effectively as CD28 in costimulating TCR-mediated activation, including induction of kinase and transcription factor activities and production of cytokines. An additional enhancement was seen when both CD40 and CD28 signals were combined with AgR stimulation. These findings reveal potent biologic functions for T cell CD40 and suggest an additional means for amplification of autoimmune responses.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health and the Veterans’ Administration (to G.A.B.) and postdoctoral fellowship support provided by the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society (to M.E.M.).

² Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Gail A. Bishop, 2193B MERF, Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. E-mail address: gail-bishop{at}uiowa.edu

³ Abbreviations used in this paper: CIA, collagen-induced arthritis; CII, type II chicken collagen; MCF, mean channel fluorescence; TRAF, TNFR-associated factor.

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