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Cutting Edge: CNS CD11c⁺ Cells from Mice with Encephalomyelitis Polarize Th17 cells and Support CD25⁺CD4⁺ T cell-Mediated Immunosuppression, Suggesting Dual Roles in the Disease Process¹

Pratima Deshpande^*, Irah L. King and Benjamin M. Segal^2,*,

^* Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Neuroscience, and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642

CD11c⁺ dendritic cells (DCs) are a prominent component of CNS infiltrates in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. However, their role in immunopathogenesis is controversial. In this study, we report that they originate from peripheral hemopoietic cells and exhibit diverse functions that change during the course of acute disease. CNS DCs stimulate naive T cells to proliferate and polarize Th₁₇ responses when harvested shortly following disease onset but are relatively inefficient APC by the time of peak disability. Conversely, they can support CD4⁺CD25⁺ T cell-mediated immunosuppression early during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Such paradoxical functions might reflect dual roles of CNS DCs in promoting local inflammation while setting the stage for remission.

The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

¹ This work was supported by National Multiple Sclerosis Society Grant RG 3866-A-3 and National Institutes of Health Grant NS047687-01A1.

² Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Benjamin M. Segal, Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 605, Rochester, NY 14642. E-mail address: Benjamin_Segal{at}urmc.rochester.edu

³ Abbreviations used in this paper: EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; DC, dendritic cell; BMDC, bone marrow DC; MS, multiple sclerosis; MNC, mononuclear cell; MOG, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; ODN, oligodeoxynucleotide; Treg, CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cell.