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Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Charleroi, Belgium
The function of Ag-specific central (TCM) and effector (TEM) memory CD4+ T lymphocytes remains poorly characterized in vivo in humans. Using CD154 as a marker of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells, we studied the differentiation of memory subsets following anti-hepatitis B immunization. Hepatitis B surface Ag (HBs)-specific memory CD4+ T cells were heterogeneous and included TCM (CCR7+CD27+) and TEM (CCR7–CD27+/–). HBs-specific TCM and TEM shared the capacity to produce multiple cytokines, including IL-2 and IFN-
. Several years postimmunization, 
10% of HBs-specific memory CD4+ T cells were in cycle (Ki67+) and the proliferating cells were CCR7+. These results suggest that the model of functional specialization of TCM and TEM cannot be applied to protein vaccine Ags and support the concept that TCM are capable of self-renewal and contribute to maintain the pool of memory cells.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
1 The Institute for Medical Immunology is supported by GlaxoSmithKline and the government of the Walloon Region. This work was supported by the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique. M.S. is a research fellow and A.M. is a research associate of the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique.
2 Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Arnaud Marchant, Institute for Medical Immunology, Rue Adrienne Bolland 8, 6041, Charleroi, Belgium. E-mail address: arnaud.marchant{at}ulb.ac.be
3 Abbreviations used in this paper: TCM, central memory T cell; TEM, effector memory T cell; HBVac, anti-hepatitis B vaccine; HBs, hepatitis B virus surface Ag; SEB, staphylococcal enterotoxin.
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