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CUTTING EDGE |
* Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;
MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030; and
Department of Chemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo UT 84602
Niemann-Pick Type C1 (NPC1) is a late endosomal/lysosomal transmembrane protein involved in the cellular transport of glycosphingolipids and cholesterol that is mutated in a majority of patients with Niemann-Pick C neurodegenerative disease. We found that NPC1-deficient mice lacked V
14-J18 NKT cells, a major population of CD1d-restricted T cells that is conserved in humans. NPC1-deficient mice also exhibited marked defects in the presentation of Sphingomonas cell wall Ags to NKT cells and in bacterial clearance in vivo. A synthetic fluorescent -glycosylceramide analog of the Sphingomonas Ag trafficked to the lysosome of wild-type cells but accumulated in the late endosome of NPC1-deficient cells. These findings reveal a blockade of lipid trafficking between endosome and lysosome as a consequence of NPC1 deficiency and suggest a common mechanism for the defects in lipid presentation and development of V14-J18 NKT cells.
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