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* The Biotechnology Centre, and
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ullevaal University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (TR) cells suppress effector T cells by partly unknown mechanisms. In this study, we describe a population of human suppressive CD4+CD25+ adaptive TR (TRadapt) cells induced in vitro that express cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and the transcription factor FOXP3. TRadapt cells produce PGE2 and suppress effector T cell responses in a manner that is reversed by COX inhibitors and PGE2 receptor-specific antagonists. In resting CD4+CD25– T cells, treatment with PGE2 induced FOXP3 expression. Thus, autocrine and paracrine effects of PGE2 produced by COX-2-positive TRadapt cells may be responsible for both the FOXP3+ phenotype and the mechanism used by these cells to suppress effector T cells.
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