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Acts on T Cells to Induce NK Cell Mobilization and Accumulation in Target Organs1
* Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy,
Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel;
Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel;
Bone Marrow Transplantation Department, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel;
¶ Department of Medicine, Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
|| Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
# Cyclotron Radiochemistry Unit, Department of Medicinal Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel; and
** Laboratories of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
The mechanism(s) that regulates NK cell mobilization and the significance of this process to NK cell activity are unknown. After Con A-induced hepatitis, NK cells are mobilized from the spleen and bone marrow into the periphery in an IFN-
-dependent fashion. Intraperitoneal administration of IFN- stimulates the mobilization of NK cells into the circulation, but not their cell death or proliferation. Increased number of circulating NK cells was coupled with their accumulation in the peritoneum, liver, and tumor-bearing lung tissue. Furthermore, increased number of NK cells in the lung reduced metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma cells (3LL cell line) resulting in significantly extended NK-dependent survival. Mobilization of NK cells was specific and required the presence of T cells. Moreover, mobilization and migration of spleen NK cells in response to IFN- treatment is dependent on the chemokine receptor CXCR3. Mechanistic insights regarding the role of IFN- in the regulation of NK cell mobilization and their accumulation at sites of tumor metastasis may lead to the development of novel immunotherapy for cancer.
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