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* Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Boston, MA 02115;
Division of Dermatology, Henry Ford Cancer Center, Detroit, MI 48202;
Division of Dermatology, St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Medical Center, New York, NY 10019;
Department of Dermatology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, MA 01805; and
¶ Department of Dermatology, Mie University, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
There are T cells within normal, noninflamed skin that most likely conduct immunosurveillance and are implicated in the development of psoriasis. We isolated T cells from normal human skin using both established and novel methods. Skin resident T cells expressed high levels of CLA, CCR4, and CCR6, and a subset expressed CCR8 and CXCR6. Skin T cells had a remarkably diverse TCR repertoire and were mostly Th1 memory effector cells with smaller subsets of central memory, Th2, and functional T regulatory cells. We isolated a surprising number of nonexpanded T cells from normal skin. To validate this finding, we counted T cells in sections of normal skin and determined that there are 
1 x 106 T cells/cm2 normal skin and an estimated 2 x 1010 T cells in the entire skin surface, nearly twice the number of T cells in the circulation. Moreover, we estimate that 98% of CLA+ effector memory T cells are resident in normal skin under resting conditions. These findings demonstrate that there is a large pool of memory T cells in normal skin that can initiate and perpetuate immune reactions in the absence of T cell recruitment from the blood.
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P. Schaerli, L. M. Ebert, and B. Moser Comment on "The Vast Majority of CLA+ T Cells Are Resident in Normal Skin" J. Immunol., August 1, 2006; 177(3): 1375 - 1376. [Full Text] [PDF]
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