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Cross-Positive Selection of Thymocytes Expressing a Single TCR by Multiple Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules of Both Classes: Implications for CD4⁺ versus CD8⁺ Lineage Commitment¹

Koji Eshima^*, Harumi Suzuki and Nobukata Shinohara^2,*

^* Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan; and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan

This study has investigated the cross-reactivity upon thymic selection of thymocytes expressing transgenic TCR derived from a murine CD8⁺ CTL clone. The Id^high+ cells in this transgenic mouse had been previously shown to mature through positive selection by class I MHC, D^q or L^q molecule. By investigating on various strains, we found that the transgenic TCR cross-reacts with three different MHCs, resulting in positive or negative selection. Interestingly, in the TCR-transgenic mice of H-2^q background, mature Id^high+ T cells appeared among both CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ subsets in periphery, even in the absence of RAG-2 gene. When examined on ₂-microglobulin^–/– background, CD4⁺, but not CD8⁺, Id^high+ T cells developed, suggesting that maturation of CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ Id^high+ cells was MHC class I (D^q/L^q) and class II (I-A^q) dependent, respectively. These results indicated that this TCR-transgenic mouse of H-2^q background contains both classes of selecting MHC ligands for the transgenic TCR simultaneously. Further genetic analyses altering the gene dosage and combinations of selecting MHCs suggested novel asymmetric effects of class I and class II MHC on the positive selection of thymocytes. Implications of these observations in CD4⁺/CD8⁺ lineage commitment are discussed.