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The Journal of Immunology, 2006, 176: 1348-1354.
Copyright © 2006 by The American Association of Immunologists

Direct Costimulatory Effect of TLR3 Ligand Poly(I:C) on Human {gamma}{delta} T Lymphocytes1

Daniela Wesch2, Susann Beetz, Hans-Heinrich Oberg, Matthias Marget, Kirsten Krengel and Dieter Kabelitz

Institute of Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany

TLR3 recognizes viral dsRNA and its synthetic mimetic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). TLR3 expression is commonly considered to be restricted to dendritic cells, NK cells, and fibroblasts. In this study we report that human {gamma}{delta} and {alpha}beta T lymphocytes also express TLR3, as shown by quantitative real-time PCR, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. Although T cells did not respond directly to poly(I:C), we observed a dramatic increase in IFN-{gamma} secretion and an up-regulation of CD69 when freshly isolated {gamma}{delta} T cells were stimulated via TCR in the presence of poly(I:C) without APC. IFN-{gamma} secretion was partially inhibited by anti-TLR3 Abs. In contrast, poly(I:C) did not costimulate IFN-{gamma} secretion by {alpha}beta T cells. These results indicate that TLR3 signaling is differentially regulated in TCR-stimulated {gamma}{delta} and {alpha}beta T cells, suggesting an early activation of {gamma}{delta} T cells in antiviral immunity.




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