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Regulatory T Cells Control Uveoretinitis Induced by Pathogenic Th1 Cells Reacting to a Specific Retinal Neoantigen¹

Céline Terrada^2,*, Sylvain Fisson^2,*, Yvonne De Kozak, Mohammed Kaddouri^*, Phuc Lehoang^*,, David Klatzmann^*, Benoît L. Salomon^3,* and Bahram Bodaghi^3,4,*,

^* Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7087 and Service d’Ophtalmologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U598, Centre Biomédical des Cordeliers, Paris, France

In many clinical cases, uveitis develops secondary to an infection. This could result from peripheral activation followed by ocular penetration and reactivation of T cells specific for microbial Ags expressed in the retina. To gain insights into the pathophysiology of uveitis, we developed a new mouse model based on stable retinal expression of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) neoantigen by adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer. One month thereafter, we adoptively transferred HA-specific T cells, which were activated in vitro or in vivo. Intraocular inflammation was clinically and histologically observed in all animals within 15 days. The ocular infiltrate was composed mostly of macrophages and HA-specific T cells with a proinflammatory cytokine profile. Depletion of CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells exacerbated the disease, whereas HA-specific CD4⁺CD25⁺ T cells given i.v. controlled the disease. This novel model should allow to better study the pathophysiology and therapeutic of uveitis.

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