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Cutting Edge: Differential Self-Peptide/MHC Requirement for Maintaining CD8 T Cell Function versus Homeostatic Proliferation¹

Ali Jabbari^* and John T. Harty^2,*,

^* Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology and Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242

Memory T cells do not require self-peptide/MHC (spMHC) complexes to survive long term in vivo. However, memory CD4 T cells lose the ability to reject skin grafts when transiently placed in an environment in which these low-level TCR stimulations are absent. Whether or not spMHC alters the ability of CD8 T cells to respond to stimulation in vivo remains unknown. Here, we show that memory CD8 T cells retain the ability to respond to dendritic cell-mediated stimulation after adoptive transfer into either TAP^–/– (MHC class I-deficient) or wild-type mice. Surprisingly, naive CD8 T cells, which fail to undergo homeostatic proliferation and erode in number in the absence of MHC class I, also retain the ability to respond to dendritic cell-mediated antigenic stimulation for at least 1 wk after transfer into TAP^–/– mice. These findings suggest a differential requirement for spMHC signals for maintenance of CD8 T cell function and homeostatic proliferation.

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