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The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 175: 4635-4640.
Copyright © 2005 by The American Association of Immunologists

Type I Interferons Trigger Systemic, Partial Lymphocyte Activation in Response to Viral Infection

Mohammed Alsharifi, Mario Lobigs, Matthias Regner, Eva Lee, Aulikki Koskinen and Arno Müllbacher1

Division of Immunology and Genetics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

The vast majority of both T and B cells in mice were found to up-regulate cell surface expression of the early activation markers CD69 and CD86, but not CD25, within 24 h of infection with Semliki Forest virus. Kinetics and magnitude of activation marker expression was dependent on live virus, dose, and correlated with strain virulence. Activation marker expression declined to baseline levels over the next 96 h. This very early "activation" of such a high percentage of lymphocytes required the presence of type I IFN receptor genes, was inducible with poly(I:C), and correlated with IFN-I levels in serum. We conclude that virus-induced IFN-I release systemically affects most of the hosts T and B cells by triggering them rapidly and independently of Ag-reactivity into a semiactivated state.




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