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Modulation of the Induction of Lung and Airway Allergy in the Offspring of IFN--Treated Mother Mice¹

Carla Lima^3,*, Valdenia Maria Oliveira Souza, Eliana Lima Faquim-Mauro, Mara Sandra Hoshida, Estela Bevilacqua^2,, Mahasti Sahihi Macedo^2,, Wothan Tavares-de-Lima^* and B. Boris Vargaftig^*

^* Department of Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Recent studies have highlighted the influence of fetal/maternal interactions on the development of asthma. Because IFN- reduces Th2-mediated allergic responses, we assessed its capacity to modulate asthma in the offspring when injected into mothers during pregnancy. IFN- was injected in CD1 female mice on day 6.5 of gestation. Immediately after birth, male newborns were housed in cages with interchanged mothers: the offspring from IFN--treated mothers were breastfed by normal mothers (IFN/nor), and those from normal mothers were breastfed by IFN--treated (Nor/IFN) or normal mothers (Nor/nor). Immediately after weaning, the spleen cells from IFN/nor and Nor/IFN mice produced less IL-4 and more IFN- than Nor/nor mice when stimulated with Con A. At the age of 6–7 wk, mice were immunized with OVA on days 0 and 7. From day 14 to 16, they were exposed to aerosolized OVA. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from Nor/nor mice showed eosinophilia, a large number of these cells being present in perivascular and peribronchial regions of lung tissues. IFN/nor or Nor/IFN mice showed greatly reduced eosinophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, lung sections from IFN/nor, but not Nor/IFN mice showed almost normal histology. In OVA-sensitized IFN/nor and Nor/IFN mice, the production of IFN-, IL-4, and IL-5 by spleen cells was significantly reduced as compared with cells from the OVA-sensitized Nor/nor group. IgE and anaphylactic IgG1 were also reduced in plasma of IFN/nor mice. In conclusion, the presence of IFN- during pregnancy confers to the fetus a protection against allergenic provocations in the adult life.

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